Choosing a fire extinguishing method should never be random. Every fire has a different nature, a different source of danger, and requires a different approach. A fire caused by paper or wood cannot be treated the same way as an electrical fire, and cooking oil fires require a different response compared to flammable liquid fires inside factories or storage areas.

Therefore, understanding the types of fires is the first step toward selecting the right fire extinguisher or suppression system, as using an unsuitable method may fail to control the fire and, in some cases, may even increase its spread.

In this article, we will explain what are the types of fires and the appropriate extinguishing methods, along with some prevention tips. Finally, we will explain how Emitron helps you choose and implement suitable fire protection solutions based on the nature of your facility.

Why Should You Know the Types of Fires Before Choosing a Fire Extinguishing Method?

Fire protection does not depend only on having a fire extinguisher; it depends on selecting the correct extinguishing method according to the type of burning material. Some fires require cooling, some require oxygen isolation, and others require specialized materials to prevent re-ignition.

For example, using water is not recommended for electrical fires or certain flammable liquid fires, as it may increase the risk. Therefore, designing a fire protection system should begin with studying the nature of the location, the type of activity, and possible ignition sources, then selecting the appropriate extinguishers or suppression systems.

Fire pumps are among the most important components of fire protection systems because they help deliver water with strong and stable pressure during emergencies.

What Are the Types of Fires and How Are They Extinguished?

Fires are classified according to their ignition source and the burning material. This classification is an essential foundation when designing fire protection systems inside industrial, commercial, and administrative facilities.

Class A Fires: Ordinary Combustible Material Fires

Class A fires include combustible solid materials such as paper, wood, fabrics, plastics, and ordinary waste. These types of fires commonly occur in offices, warehouses, schools, hotels, and administrative areas.

The suitable extinguishing methods for this type include water extinguishers, dry powder extinguishers, or automatic sprinkler systems depending on the nature of the location and the size of the hazard. This category is considered one of the most common types of fires inside buildings

Class B Fires: Flammable Liquid Fires

Class B fires include flammable liquids such as gasoline, paints, solvents, industrial oils, and some chemicals. These risks usually occur in factories, workshops, storage facilities, loading areas, and some production lines.

How to Immediately Deal With Class B Fires Caused by Flammable Liquids Without Increasing the Risk?

The most important safe steps for dealing with flammable liquid fires include:

• Avoid using water directly or randomly, as it may cause the burning liquid to spread.
• Use a suitable foam system to create an insulating layer over the liquid surface, helping prevent oxygen from reaching it and reducing the possibility of re-ignition.
• Use CO₂ extinguishers in small or limited cases when they are suitable for the fire type and location.
• Isolate the fuel source by closing the liquid valve whenever possible and safe.
• Quickly identify the danger area and prevent the liquid from spreading to other areas.
• Activate foam or foam-water systems if available and designed specifically to protect this area.
• Avoid unsafe approaches to the fire source due to dangerous or explosive vapors.
• Ensure firefighting systems are ready through regular inspection and maintenance.
• Rely on proper engineering design from the beginning based on the liquid type, hazard area size, and operating conditions inside the facility.